21- EXALTATION OF THE HOLY CROSS
The Feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross originated
in Jerusalem in 355 to commemorate the dedication of the
Basilica of the Resurrection. When the true cross of Jesus
was found shortly afterwards, this event was commemorated
on the same day. In time, the Feast of the Exaltation
supplanted the feast of the dedication.
In 395, St. John Chrysostom wrote of three crosses which
were discovered beneath Golgotha by the Empress Helena.
Many other writers speak of miracles which occured through
contact with the true cross. It was through one of these
miracles that the true cross was recognized by St. Helena
and St. Macarius, the Bishop of Jerusalem.
The Holy Cross was kept in the Basilica of the Resurrection
in Jerusalem until 614, when the Persians conquered the
city and burned the church. In 628, Emperor Heraclius III
defeated the Persians and returned the Holy Cross to
Jerusalem. A portion of the cross was taken to Rome in
the seventh century by Sergius I, a Pope of Byzantine
origin.
Icons of the Feast usually portray St. Macarius in the
center of the Icon, elevating the Holy Cross and showing
it to the people. This elevation or uplifting of the Cross
shows its prominence as the sign of victory. Hence the
name "Exaltation" or "Elevation of the Holy Cross." St.
Constantine the Emperor, and St. Helena, his mother, are
frequently shown, although some icons depict only St.
Helena. Gathered about the Cross with St. Macarius and
St. Helena are bishops, priests, and hymnographers. With
them, too, we are joined in oneness of mind and purpose
as we sing: "We bow to Your cross, a Lord, and we praise
Your holy resurrection."
TROPARION -Save Your people, O Lord, and bless Your
inheritance; grant victory to Your Church over its enemies
and protect Your people by Your cross.